Sunday, May 1, 2011

Help me! Mushrooms are for Pizza not my lawn!

Question I'm being overwhelmed with mushrooms at home... not just a few but fairly organized rows of them about 1' wide and 6-8 feet long growing about 6+ inches above ground
Is there a way to get rid of them 'shrooms'? They're light brown with heads(?) about 4" in diameter and stems about 1" diameter and there's thousands of


Mushrooms are the spore-producing reproductive structures of certain kinds of fungi. Each mushroom has a large cap at the top of a stalk.



Where Do Mushrooms Come From?

Mushrooms, sometimes called toadstools, are the reproductive (fruiting) structures of some kinds of fungi. Other reproductive structures sometimes found in lawns include inky caps, puffballs, stinkhorns, and bird's nests. Many fungi do not produce visible fruiting structures, including those that cause many lawn diseases. Most fungi in lawns are beneficial because they decompose

LIFE CYCLE OF A FUNGUS
Fungal fruiting structures release tiny spores that are easily carried on air currents to new sites. When spores reach a favorable place to grow, they germinate and send out long, thin filaments called hyphae. Hyphae decompose wood, fallen leaves, and other organic matter, absorbing a portion as food. A single hypha is too small to be seen without magnification; however, in soil or beneath bark, groups of hyphae are sometimes visible as a mass of white or dark, threadlike growth known as mycelium.
When mycelium has developed sufficiently, fruiting bodies such as mushrooms can be produced. Fungi generally survive in soil for years and only produce fruiting structures when conditions are favorable, such as after periods of prolonged wet weather.
MUSHROOMS IN LAWNS
Because mushrooms are merely the fruiting bodies of fungi, removing them does not kill the underground mycelia from which they are growing. Picking mushrooms, puffballs, stinkhorns, or other reproductive structures soon after they appear may prevent their spores from spreading to new sites. However, because most spores are wind-blown long distances, they can easily come into a lawn from neighboring areas. The primary reasons for removing mushrooms from lawns are to keep them away from children and pets and to improve the lawn's appearance.
CAUTION: SOME MUSHROOMS ARE POISONOUS
Do not eat wild mushrooms or other fungal fruiting bodies unless you are well acquainted with the different species. Many species are poisonous and ONLY an expert can distinguish between edible and poisonous species. There are no simple tests that can be used to identify poisonous mushrooms.
Small children tend to put anything, including mushrooms, in their mouths, so remove all obvious fungal reproductive structures from the yard before allowing a child to play there. Pets may also be harmed by ingesting poisonous fungi.

Fairy Rings


Circular or semi-circular green bands of grass in a lawn may be caused by fairy ring fungi. Rings may be from 1 to 12 or more feet in diameter and mushrooms may or may not be present. Fairy rings get their name from the ancient belief that mushrooms grew in circles where fairies danced. All grasses are susceptible to fairy rings and several species of mushroom-producing fungi may be involved. In central and northern California Marasmius oreades is a common species, while in southern California Lepiota species are more common.
Sometimes the only effect of the fungus is to stimulate grass growth in arcs or circles; this growth is caused by the release of plant nutrients as the fungal hyphae decompose organic matter in the soil. In other cases the soil just inside the ring may become so permeated by the fungal growth that water penetration is retarded and the grass in that area grows poorly or dies. Fairy rings often continue to enlarge for many years. As the ring expands, the older portions of the fungus die, leaving a larger area in the center where weeds and undesirable grasses may become established.
Management..When the only effect of a fairy ring fungus is a ring of tall, green grass, increasing fertilizer and irrigation will usually mask these symptoms.
If fairy ring has caused significant dying or dead areas of grass, then lawn renovation may be required. If the grass is not dead, it can reestablish itself if water penetration is improved by breaking up the dense fungal mat of mycelia. To improve penetration, remove cores of soil that are at least 1/4 to 1 inch in diameter and slightly deeper than the fungal mat.
Determine the depth of the fungal mat by probing the lawn area with a trowel, shovel, or long screwdriver. If the mat is less than 3 inches thick, the use of a lawn aerator a few times a year may be sufficient to improve water penetration. Begin 2 feet outside the margin of the ring and work inwards. Sweep or rake up the cores and remove them from the turfgrass.
If the fungal mat is more than 3 inches thick, a lawn aerator may not be able to effectively remove cores of sufficient length. Also, lawn aerators may not be powerful enough to penetrate some soils. In these cases, a soil probe, small auger, or shovel may be needed to penetrate through and break up the fungal mat. Remove as much of the infested soil as possible. Refill large holes with fresh soil that is relatively free of organic matter.
Dead areas in tall fescue or other bunch-type lawns may need to be reseeded. Creeping grasses like bermudagrass will eventually fill in. After treatment, water until the soil is thoroughly wet. Be sure to wash the coring implement before using it in healthy lawn areas.
In general it is more effective to manage fairy rings in the home lawn with the cultural practices mentioned above than with a fungicide. Fungicides or deluded anti bactirial dish soap or just some dirty dishwater.  usually require multiple applications and proper timing over a long period of time.
Where complete eradication is desired, remove the soil and sod to at least a depth of 1 foot and 18 inches beyond the outside edge of the ring. Refill the trench with fresh soil and reseed the area. Be careful not to spill any infested soil on adjacent healthy areas.

For lighter Infestations.
things you'll need: lawn mower and/or weed wacker Thick gloves  Dirty dishwater Plastic grocery bag
Preparation for the death of the mushroom patch
 Using the Lawn mower, or weed wacker, destroy the path of mushrooms.
Cut them as low to the ground as you can.
 Put on the gloves and grab the remainder of the mushrooms that you removed from its source and place them into the grocery bag.
Continued murder of the mushroom patch
After you have finished washing your dishes in the sink
pour what is left of the dirty dish water onto what is left of the mushroom patch.
In time the patch will turn a dark brown. This means that the mushrooms are dying. With time they will be all gone.
All done. The area is cleared and they will not come back in that area for the rest of the summer. If the mushrooms do not turn brown enough within a couple of hours, just add more salt. That will do the trick. Have fun killing them.

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